Impact of Admixture on Heat Gain through Mixed Concrete Roof into a Building

Dr. B. M. Suman, Principal Technical officer, CSIR- Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee

Experimental investigation has been carried out to study thermal performance of various admixtures and their mixed concretes with different ratio and density. There are nine admixtures mixed with concrete for studying their thermal performance. Some of them are Fly ash, Perlite Powder, EPS beads etc. The study of sixteen mixed concretes were carried out and compared with thermal performance of cement concrete. Heat gain were computed for 11.5 cm thick roofing sheets made up of all the mix concretes and cement concrete. According to this study thermal performance of EPS concrete with 30% EPS beads found to be better than all other concretes. The AAC performance was next to EPS concrete followed by the performance of perlite mix concrete with 50% expanded perlite. The other good performer is the vermiculate concrete reducing 41.5% heat gain when compared to cement concrete. It is also found from the study that the mixed concrete with lower overall thermal transmittance allows minimum heat flow across it.

Introduction

Number of thermal insulation materials with fine particles is available to mix with concrete to improve thermal behaviour of mixed concrete. The admixtures are mixed in different ratio with concrete to enhance their thermal characteristics for energy efficiency points of view. Heat gain principle through building fabrics depends upon temperature difference between outside and inside of a building. High temperature difference allows higher heat flow into the building. Heat flow always takes place from high temperature to low temperature. In this process temperature difference is not the only criteria of heat flow but solar radiation, absorptivity and emissivity, external heat transfer coefficient are also influencing the heat ingress into the building. By combining these parameters and outdoor air temperature a new parameter known as sol air temperature which is responsible for heat flow into the building. The conduction heat transfer through structure is of great importance in civil engineering problems. Such problems include, energy efficient building design, thermal load of structures due to diurnal variations of temperature, planning and design of building for thermal comfort, design of radiation shield and other exposed structures for solar thermal loading etc. The knowledge of thermal conductivity and other thermal transport properties of construction material involved in the process of heat transfer are essential in predicting the temperature profile and heat flow through the material. Most of the commercial and residential buildings are now air condition building. Therefore consumption of power and electricity is increasing exponentially. One of the ways of achieving energy conservation in building construction is by introduction of thermally insulated admixture with concrete for building application. Number of concrete manufactures supply such mixes concrete but no one provide relevant data on thermal behaviour of their products. Therefore an experimental investigation was undertaken to understand the influence of various admixtures on density and thermal performance of mix concretes. Number of studies [1, 2] has been made to know the effect of ceiling insulation on the electricity consumption and creating conducive indoor thermal environment. Some of the studies carried out [3, 4] in South Africa revealed that insulated houses are not only warmer in winter but also cooler in summer months. Density of building material plays a key role in determining thermal performance of building section because a masonry building material with low density has decreased thermal conductivity. The derived thermal properties like overall thermal transmittance and subsequently heat gain through the material depend upon its thermal conductivity. Heat gain [5] through roofing sheet will be lower, if thermal conductivity of the material used in roofing sheet is also lower. The mix concrete [6] of low thermal conductivity is useful for building insulation. Bouguerra [7] et. al reported that thermal conductivity of light weight concrete changes considerably with its porosity and density. Roof is the main contributor of heat gain into the building. Sustainable building design [8-10] with mixed cement concrete prepared by mixing admixture with thermal insulation property can be developed. Foam concrete, Vermiculite concrete, Perlite concrete and EPS concrete are some example of such materials. Sol air temperature (Tsol) is the main factor, responsible to heat flow from outside to inside of a building which includes the effect of outdoor air temperature and solar radiation of the place, surface properties like reflectivity, emissivity, and absorptivity of building section. In the present study, sol air temperature will remain same for all cases of study for determining heat gain into the building.
This is a premium article available exclusively for our subscribers.
If you are already a subscriber, please Login
If not, subscribe now and get access to well researched articles & reports on infrastructure construction, equipment & machinery, innovations & technology, project reports, case studies, and more. All this by simply paying just ₹200/- for a month of complete portal access, or a discounted rate of ₹1000/- for a full year of access.
NBM&CW October 2015
Accelerated Building & Bridge Construction with UHPC

Accelerated Building & Bridge Construction with UHPC

UHPC, which stands for Ultra High-Performance Concrete, is a testament to the ever-evolving panorama of construction materials, promising unparalleled strength, durability, and versatility; in fact, the word concrete itself is a misnomer

Read more ...

Innovative Approaches Driving Sustainable Concrete Solutions

Innovative Approaches Driving Sustainable Concrete Solutions

This paper explores the evolving landscape of sustainable concrete construction, focusing on emerging trends, innovative technologies, and materials poised to reshape the industry. Highlighted areas include the potential of green concrete

Read more ...

GGBS: Partial Replacement Of Cement For Developing Low Carbon Concrete

GGBS: Partial Replacement Of Cement For Developing Low Carbon Concrete

Dr. L R Manjunatha, Vice President, and Ajay Mandhaniya, Concrete Technologist, JSW Cement Limited, present a Case Study on using GGBS as partial replacements of cement for developing Low Carbon Concretes (LCC) for a new Education University

Read more ...

Behaviour of Ternary Concrete with Flyash & GGBS

Behaviour of Ternary Concrete with Flyash & GGBS

Evaluating the performance of concrete containing Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) like FlyAsh and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) that can be used in the production of long-lasting concrete composites.

Read more ...

Nanospan’s Spanocrete®: nano-admixture for concrete

Nanospan’s Spanocrete®: nano-admixture for concrete

Nanospan’s Spanocrete, a Greenpro-certified, award- winning, groundbreaking nano-admixture for concrete, actualizes the concept of “durability meets sustainability”. This product simplifies the production of durable concrete, making it cost-effective

Read more ...

The Underwater Concrete Market in India

The Underwater Concrete Market in India

India, with its vast coastline and ambitious infrastructural projects, has emerged as a hotspot for the underwater concrete market. This specialized sector plays a crucial role in the construction of marine structures like bridges, ports

Read more ...

The Path to Enhanced Durability & Resilience of Concrete Structures

The Path to Enhanced Durability & Resilience of Concrete Structures

This article highlights a comprehensive exploration of the strategies, innovations, and practices for achieving concrete structures that not only withstand the test of time but also thrive in the face of adversity.

Read more ...

Self-Curing Concrete for the Indian Construction Industry

Self-Curing Concrete for the Indian Construction Industry

The desired performance of concrete in the long run depends on the extent and effectiveness of curing [1 & 2]. In the Indian construction sector, curing concrete at an early age is a problematic issue because of lack of awareness or other

Read more ...

BigBloc Construction an emerging leader in AAC Block

BigBloc Construction an emerging leader in AAC Block

Incorporated in 2015, BigBloc Construction Ltd is one of the largest and only listed company in the AAC Block space with an installed capacity of 8.25 lakh cbm per annum. The company’s manufacturing plants are located in Umargaon

Read more ...

Decarbonizing Cement Industry: Sustainable & Energy-Efficient Measures

Decarbonizing Cement Industry: Sustainable & Energy-Efficient Measures

Dr. L R Manjunatha (VP), Manoj Rustagi (Chief Sustainability & Innovation Officer), Gayatri Joshi (ASM), and Monika Shrivastava (Head of Sustainability) at JSW Cement Limited, discuss new approaches for Decarbonizing the Cement

Read more ...

Concrete Rheology: Technology to Describe Flow Properties of Concrete

Concrete Rheology: Technology to Describe Flow Properties of Concrete

Concrete is a heterogeneous composite complex material, and its hardened property is influenced by its fresh property. Concrete today has transformed into an advanced type with new and innovative ingredients added - either singly or in

Read more ...

Amazecrete ICRETE: Making Concrete Economical & Durable

Amazecrete ICRETE: Making Concrete Economical & Durable

ICRETE offers many benefits apart from reducing cement content and giving high grades saving to ready-mix concrete companies; it helps reduce shrinkage and permeability in concrete slabs, increases the durability of concrete, and also works

Read more ...

UltraTech Cement & Coolbrook’s RotoDynamic HeaterTM Technology

UltraTech Cement & Coolbrook’s RotoDynamic HeaterTM Technology

UltraTech Cement Limited, India’s largest cement and ready-mix concrete (RMC) company, and Coolbrook, a transformational technology and engineering company, will jointly develop a project to implement Coolbrook’s RotoDynamic HeaterTM (RDH)

Read more ...

Plastic Shrinkage and Cracks in Concrete

Plastic Shrinkage and Cracks in Concrete

Plastic shrinkage cracking occurs when fresh concrete is subjected to a very rapid loss of moisture. It is caused by a combination of factors such as air and concrete temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity at the surface of concrete. These can cause

Read more ...

Dam Rehabilitation With Cutoff Wall for Seepage Control

Dam Rehabilitation With Cutoff Wall for Seepage Control

This paper covers the research work carried out on cement plastering process for internal and external building wall by using spray plastering machine. Objective of study is to experiment and compare the plastering activity by conventional way and

Read more ...

Construction Defects Investigation & Remedies

Construction Defects Investigation & Remedies

In recent years, the speed of construction has increased very fast; buildings which used to take 3-5 years are now getting completed in 1-2 years. There is a race to complete projects faster, but due to this speedy construction, the quality of construction is often

Read more ...

Challenges in usage of Hydrogen in Cement Industry

Challenges in usage of Hydrogen in Cement Industry

With its zero-emission characteristics, hydrogen has become a promising decarbonization path for the cement industry. While there are several issues that need to be resolved in the use of hydrogen, there are also many advantages, so much so that the growth

Read more ...

Enhancing Corrosion Resistance of Steel Bars in Reinforced Concrete Structures

Enhancing Corrosion Resistance of Steel Bars in Reinforced Concrete Structures

Reinforced concrete is a composite material which is made using concrete and steel bars. Concrete takes the compressive forces and steel bar takes tensile forces. Concrete around the steel bar protects it from corrosion by providing an alkaline environment

Read more ...

Moving toward workability retention to rheology retention with low viscosity concrete technology

Moving toward workability retention to rheology retention with low viscosity concrete technology

Amol Patil, Sr. Specialist - General Manager (Admixture and Specialty Products), Master Builders Solutions (India), and Nilotpol KAR, Managing Director, Master Builders Solutions (South Asia), present a paper on the concept of low viscosity concrete in

Read more ...

Cement industry innovating eco-friendly packaging

Cement industry innovating eco-friendly packaging

Cement companies are constantly innovating to meet global sustainability standards and improve logistics, shelf life, and utility of cement, while reducing wastage. Thei aim is to reduce their environmental impact without compromising their product

Read more ...

To get latest updates on whatsapp, Save +91 93545 87773 and send us a 'Saved' message
Click Here to Subscribe to Our eNewsletter.