India has been trying to spread its railway network to reach the remote and difficult border areas. A considerable portion of the railway tracks are to be placed inside tunnels and steep cut slopes in the treacherous mountainous regions, viz. J&K, India. Tunneling in Himalayas is often challenging due to various geological aspects. As the tunnel passes through young Himalayas thrust and shear zones, so it is a challenging job to excavate a tunnel. Shear zones, heavy water ingress and collapses have added woes to both management and contractors by risking man & machinery and subsequent economic damages. Effective tunneling solutions and their timely implementation is one of the ways to make the excavation stable and economic.
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