Transforming Construction and Demolition Waste into Sustainable Building Materials

C&D-Waste
India’s rapid urbanisation and infrastructure growth have led to an exponential rise in construction and demolition (C&D) waste, making its management a critical component of sustainable development. Despite the enactment of C&D Waste Management Rules in 2016, the sector remains largely informal, unregulated, and fragmented. The low level of recycling and reuse of C&D waste is a critical missed opportunity in urban crisis response. The major challenges include contamination with hazardous materials such as asbestos and lead-based paints, lack of on-site segregation, and insufficient mobile crushing and screening capacity.

Institutionally, Indian cities face weak regulatory enforcement, limited investment in recycling infrastructure, and procurement norms that rarely favour recycled products. The current practices are marked by indiscriminate dumping, poor segregation, and minimal recycling, resulting in significant environmental degradation and resource loss. In addition, the proposed Environment (Construction and Demolition) Waste Management Rules 2025, published in the Gazette Notification on 02.04.2025, need to be reviewed to make them more systematic and inclusive. This paper aims to provide a structured and integrated approach, which is imperative to transition from a linear and unorganised setup to a circular and resource-efficient system. Therefore, there is a need for transformative methodologies to turn C&D waste into sustainable resources by developing green technological interventions towards sustainable waste management, from collection, processing, and utilisation in construction.

📅 Published on: 11 November 2025
📖 Published in: NBM&CW NOVEMBER 2025
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